Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?
【重點語法】
不定代詞:不指名代替任何特定名詞或形容詞的代詞叫做不定代詞。
用法注意:
1. some 和any +可數(shù)名/不可數(shù)名。
some 多用于肯定句,any多用于否定句、疑問句和條件從句 。有些問句中用some,不用any, 問話者希望得到對方肯定回答。
2. 由some, any, no, every 與 body,one,thing構(gòu)成
3. 不定代詞若有定語修飾,該定語要置于其后:如:something interesting
【重點短語】
1. buy sth for ab./ buy sb. sth 為某人買某物
2. taste + adj. 嘗起來……
3. nothing...but + V.(原形) 除了……之外什么都沒有
4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起來
5. arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方 到達某地
6. decide to do sth. 決定做某事
7. try doing sth. 嘗試做某事 / try to do sth. 盡力做某事
8. enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事
9. want to do sth. 想去做某事
10. start doing sth. 開始做某事=begin doing sth.
11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 區(qū)分:stop to do sth. 停下來去做某事
12. dislike doing sth. 不喜歡做某事
14. so + adj + that + 從句 如此……以至于……
16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告訴某人(不要) 做某事
17. keep doing sth. 繼續(xù)做某事
18. forget to do sth. 忘記去做某事 / forget doing sth 忘記做過某事
【詞語辨析】
1. take a photo/ take photos 拍照
quite a few+名詞復(fù)數(shù) “許多…”
2. seem + 形容詞 看起來…... You seem happy today.
seem + to do sth. 似乎/好像做某事 I seem to have a cold
It seems + 從句 似乎..…. It seems that no……seem like ... 好像,似乎….. It seems like a good idea.
3. arrive in +大地點= get to= reach+地點名 “到達......”
arrive at +小地點
(注:若后跟地點副詞here/there/home, 介詞需省略,如:arrive here; get home)
4. feel like sth 感覺像…
feel doing sth. 想要做某事
5. wonder(想知道)+疑問詞(who, what, why)引導(dǎo)的從句。
6. because of +名/代/V-ing
because+從句
He can’t take a walk because of the rain.
I don’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.
7. enough +名詞 足夠的…...
形容詞/副詞+enough
Unit2 How often do you exercise?
【重點語法】
1. 頻率副詞: always, usually, often, sometimes, never
頻率副詞在句中通常放在實義動詞之前, be動詞或助動詞之后。常用于一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)中。
2.“次數(shù)”的表達方法
3. how often“多久一次”問頻率,回答常含有頻率詞組或短語。
常見的how疑問詞:
1)How soon 多久(以后)
—How soon will he be back?他多久能回來?
—He will be back in a month. 他一個月后能回來。
2)how long “多久”
—How long did it take you to clean the house? 你打掃房子用了多久?
—It took me half an hour to clean the house. 我打掃這房子用了半小時。
3)How many+名復(fù)
How much+不可名
“多少” 問數(shù)量(how much 還可問價格)
【重點短語】
1. go to the movies 去看電影
2. look after = take care of 照顧
3. surf the internet 上網(wǎng)
4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式
5. go skate boarding 去劃板
6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康
7. eating habits 飲食習(xí)慣
8. take more exercise 做更多的運動
9. the same as 與什么相同
10. be different from 不同
11.once a month一月一次
12. twice a week一周兩次
13.make a difference to 對......有影響/作用
14. most of the students=most students
15. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 購物
16. be good for 對......有益
17. be bad for 對......有害
18. come home from school放學(xué)回家
19. of course = certainly = sure 當(dāng)然
20. get good grades 取得好成績
21. keep/be in good health 保持健康
22. take a vacation 去度假
【詞語辨析】
1. maybe / may be
maybe 是副詞,意為“大概, 可能,或許”,一般用于句首。May be是情態(tài)動詞,意為“可能是...,也許是...,大概是...”.
The baby is crying. Maybe she is hungry.
The woman may be a teacher.
2. a few / few / a little / little
People can live to 100, but few people can live to 150.
There is little time left. I won’t catch the first bus.
Could you give me a little milk?
3. hard / hardly
hard作形容詞,意為“困難的,艱苦的,硬的”;作副詞,意為“努力地,猛烈地”。hardly為副詞,意為“幾乎不”。
The ground is too hard to dig.
I can hardly understand them.
It’s raining hard. The people can hardly go outside.
4. As for homework , most students do homework every day .
as for...意思是“至于;關(guān)于”,+名詞、代詞或動詞的-ing形式(即動名詞)。
如:As for him,I never want to see him here.
至于他,我永遠不希望在這里見到。
As for the story,you'd better not believe it.
關(guān)于那故事,你最好不要相信。
5. That sounds interesting.
這是“主語+系動詞+表語”結(jié)構(gòu)的簡單句。sound(聽起來),look(看起來),smell(聞起來),taste(嘗起來),feel(覺得),seem(好象),grow(變得),get(變得)等詞在英語中可用作系動詞,后跟形容詞作表語。如:
It tastes good. 這味道好。
The music sounds very sweet. 這音樂聽起來很入耳。
The smoke grew heavier and heavier. 煙霧變得越來越濃了。
6. percent 名詞,意為“百分之……”
百分數(shù)的表示方法:基數(shù)+ percent (不用復(fù)數(shù)形式),percent做主語時,謂語動詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)其后面的名詞來確定。
50%:fifty percent 百分之五十
Fifty percent of the apples are bad. 50%的蘋果都壞了。
Twenty percent of the meat is in the fridge. 20%的肉都在冰箱
7. not… at all 意為“一點也不”,not應(yīng)放在be動詞、情態(tài)動詞或助動詞之后。
The story isn’t interesting at all. 那個故事一點也沒有趣。
8. It is + adj. to do sth. 做某事是……的。
It is interesting to play computer games. 玩電腦很有趣。
9. take, spend, pay
It takes sb. some time to do sth. 意為“花費某人……時間來做某事”。
人(sb.) spend 時間/錢
人(sb.) spend 時間/錢 (in) doing“花費多少時間來做某事”。
pay 的主語必須是人,而“花錢買某物”為pay...for...
10. however 副詞,意為“然而,可是”,表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,可放在句首、句中、句末。
Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.
【重點語法】
1. 形容詞和副詞的比較等級
(1)形容詞和副詞的原形就是原級
(2)比較級,表示較……或更……
(3)最高級, 表示最...。
2. 比較級句型:
(1)A + be動詞+形容詞的比較級+than +B “A比B更……”(注意:A與B必須是同級的,即必須是人與人,物與物進行對比)
(2)“A+實意動詞+副詞比較級+ than + B”表示“A比B…”
(3)比較A ,B兩人/兩事物問其中哪一個較…...時用句型:
“Who/which +謂語動詞+ adj./adv.比較級,A or B ?”
Who is thinner, Jenny or Mary?
3. 比較級的特殊用法
(1)“比較級+and+比較級”,意為“越來越”。多音節(jié)比較級用“more and more+原級”
(2)“the+比較級(…), the+比較級(…)”意思是:”越…越…”The more, the better.
(3)主+ is + the 形容詞比較級+of the two+名復(fù) “主語是兩者中較......的”
4. 兩者在某一方面相同:A+謂語動詞/be動詞+as+ adj./adv.原級+ as+ B.
Helen is as tall as Amy.
Peter studies as hard as Tom.
表示兩者在某一方面不及另一方時,用“not as/so+形容詞或副詞原級+as”
I am not as tall as my sister.
5. 形容詞,副詞比較級前的修飾語。
當(dāng)需要表示一方超過另一方的程度時,可以用much, a lot, a little, a bit, 等來修飾形容詞比較級。注意: 比較級不能用very, so, too, quite等修飾。
【重點短語】
1. more outgoing 更外向/更開朗
2. as...as...與…… 一樣
3. the singing competition 歌詠比賽
4. the most important 最重要的
5. be talented in music 在音樂方面有天賦
6. the same as 與……相同
7. care about 關(guān)心/留意/關(guān)注
8. be different from 與…...不同
9. be like a mirror 像一面鏡子
10. as long as 只要;與…...一樣長
11. bring out 顯示/顯出
12. get better grades 取得更好的成績
13. reach for 伸手達到/達到
14. touch one's heart 感動
15. in fact 事實上
16. make friends 交朋友
17. be good at 在某方面成績好
18. the other 另一個
19. be similar to 與…相似
20. be good with 與…和睦相處
21. have fun=Have a good time 玩得開心
have fun doing sth 做某事很開心
22. do the same things as me. 做和我一樣的事情
23. It’s+adj+(for sb.)to do sth. “做某事(對某人來說)是...的 ”
24 make friends with sb. 與某人交朋友
25. as long as 只要;既然,引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句
【詞語辨析】
1. be good at=do well in ,其后可接名詞、代詞或動名詞,表示擅長......
2. care about 關(guān)心
care for 關(guān)愛
take care (當(dāng)/小心)
take care of (照顧)=look after
3. make sb. do sth. : 讓(使)某人做某事(make后跟不帶to的不定式)
His father always make me get up before five o'clock.
make sb. +形容詞:使某人保持某種狀態(tài)
My friends always make me happy.
4. be like“就像…”I am like your sister.
look like “外貌上的像 ” I look like my sister.
5. That’s why+句子:那就是…的原因/那就是為什么…
That's why I study English hard. 那就是我努力學(xué)習(xí)英語的原因。
6. be different from 與……不同
反:be the same as 與…… 相同
7. though
① adv. 不過;可是;然而(句末補充說明使語氣減弱)
② conj. 雖然;盡管=although,與but 不能同時用在一個句子中
He said he would come. He didn’t, though. 他說他要來,可是并沒有來。
Though/Although he has been dead for many years, many people still remember him.
盡管他已經(jīng)去世很多年了,但很多人仍然記得他。
8. get better grades 取得更好的成績
9. does(助動詞do/did),為了避免重復(fù),可代替上文出現(xiàn)過的實意動詞。
10. be good with sb. 與某人相處得好
Unit4 What’s the best movie theater?
【重點語法】
1. 形容詞最高級: 用于三者或三者以上的人或事物相比較。
標(biāo)志詞:表比較范圍時用in/of
形容詞最高級前須加定冠詞the,副詞最高級前可省略the。
2. 表示“三者(或以上)中最……的”的句型
1)A + be + the 形容詞最高級 + 表示范圍(in/of介詞短語)
2)A + 實意動詞 + (the) 副詞最高級 + 表示范圍的of/in介詞短語
3. 常用句式
1) Who/ Which…+ 最高級…, A, B or C ?
2)one of +the +形容詞最高級+名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式,表示“最…之一”
3)序數(shù)詞后跟形容詞最高級
【重點短語】
1. so far 到目前為止,迄今為止
2. no problem 沒什么,別客氣
3. have….in common 有相同特征(想法、興趣等方面)相同
4. be up to 由…...決定/是…...的職責(zé)
5. all kinds of … 各種各樣的……
6. play a role in doing sth./ sth. 發(fā)揮作用,有影響
7. make up 編造(故事、謊言等)
8. for example=e.g. 例如
9. take …..seriously 認真對待
10. not everybody 并不是每個人
11. close to 離..….近
12. more and more 越來越……
【詞語辨析】
1. How do you like +名/代/V-ing=What do you think of :“ 你認為…怎么樣?”
2. Thanks for=Thank you for +名/代/V-ing:“感謝…”
3. You’re welcome. =Not at all. 不客氣
4. talent 名(可)天賦
talent show 才藝表演
talented adj. 有天賦的
be talented in 在......方面有天賦
5. be good at 擅長… (= do well in)
反義短語:be poor / weak in 在...方面薄弱
be good for 對……有益,后跟人或事物;其反義短語是be bad for
be good to 對……好(和善;慈愛),相當(dāng)于 be friendly to,后面通常接人
6. all kinds of 各種各樣的
different kinds of 不同種類的
a kind of 一種…...
* kind of 有點+ adj.: kind of boring / fat /thin
7. win vt. 贏得+獎品 winner n. 贏者
8. watch sb. do sth. 觀看某人做了某事
watch doing sth. 觀看某人正在做某事
9. 舉例:such as 常列舉幾個例子,不能窮盡,可和and so
Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show?
【重點語法】
1. 詢問某人對某物的觀點及看法:What do you think of …?=How do you like…?
2. 描述喜好I love/ like/ don’t mind/dislike/can’t stand…
3. 復(fù)習(xí)鞏固一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài):主語+V+其他;主語(三單)+V(三單)+其他)
【重點短語】
1. find out 查出/發(fā)現(xiàn)
2. be ready to do 準(zhǔn)備做…
3. dress up 打扮/化妝成
4. take one's place 代替某人
5. do a good job 干的好/表演的出色
6. think of 想到/思考
7. game show 游戲節(jié)目
8. learn from 向…...學(xué)習(xí)
9. talk show 訪談節(jié)目
10. soap opera 肥皂劇
11. go on 繼續(xù)
12. watch a movie 看電影
13.one of…其中之一
14. try one's best to = do one's best to盡力
15. a pair of 一雙
16. as famous as 一樣聞名/出名
17. look like 看起來像
18. around the world 世界各地
19. have a discussion about 討論…...
20.one day 某天
21. such as 例如
22. a symbol of 一個象征/標(biāo)志
23. something enjoyable 快樂的事情
24. interesting information 有趣的信息
【詞語辨析】
1. want + n 想要……
want to do sth 想要做某事
want sb to do sth 想讓某人做某事……
2. mind 介意,其后+名詞/代詞/V-ing
3. stand
1)“站, 站立” e.g. Stand up! 起立
2) “忍受” (多用于否定句、疑問句) , 后可+名/代/V-ing
4. plan vt. & vi.計劃, 打算,plan to do sth.
plan 還可作名詞,如:make plans 制定計劃
5. v. discuss (討論) + ion→ n. discussion
had a discussion about sth. 對某事進行討論
6. happen v. 發(fā)生; 出現(xiàn)
sth+ happens to sb.”或“sth happened + 時間/地點”句式
7. 情態(tài)動詞
may 語氣弱于can,意為“可能”
might 表推測,語氣最弱,意為“可能”
may/might not 表示否定推測時語氣最弱,意為“可能不”
They may not be very exciting. 它們可能不是那么令人興奮。
8. expect to do sth. 期盼做某事
hope to do sth: 希望干某事
很多動詞后面都可以跟動詞不定式作賓語,如:
want, like, hope, wish, learn, start, begin, prefer, try, ask
9. be famous as 作為……而出名
be famous for sth. 因為......而出名
10.One of my favorite movies is Mr. Bean. 我最喜歡的電影之一是憨豆先生。
11. show n. 節(jié)目 TV shows/ talent shows;v. 展示 show sth. to sb.= show sb. sth.
Unit6 I’m going to study computer science.
【重點詞語/短語用法解析】
1. want to be/become + (職業(yè))名詞 :“想要成為…..”
I want to be (be) a scientist when I grow up.
2. write stories 寫故事
tell stories 講故事
3. keeping doing sth. 保持做某事(表動作或狀態(tài)的持續(xù))
4. be sure about +名/代/V-ing“肯定”
Are you sure about that?
make sure (that)+從句“…...確保...…”
Make sure that both doors are closed when you go out.
5. learn sth. We must learn English every day.
learn to do sth. I am going to learn to play ( play) the piano.
6. discuss v. 討論;商量 名詞是discussion
discuss with sb. 與某人討論 :
Discuss this question with your partner.
Let’s discuss this problem. 讓我們討論一下這個問題。
All we need now is action, not discussion. 我們現(xiàn)在需要的是行動,不是討論。
7. be able to do sth. 能夠做某事
(1)can : can+動詞原形,無人稱和數(shù)的變化。只能用于一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時,不能用于將來時。
be able to + 動詞原形,有人稱和數(shù)的變化,可用于多種時態(tài)。
(2)can 常指客觀上能夠;be able to 更側(cè)重于經(jīng)過努力、克服一定困難有能力做成某事。
He will be able to(能夠) speak English next year.(在此不能填can)
8. promise n. 承諾;諾言 v. 許諾;承諾;答應(yīng)
make a promise(to sb) (對某人)許下諾言
keep a promise 遵守諾言
break a promise 違背諾言
promise (sb) to do sth. 許諾某人干某事
promise (sb) +that 從句
He promised to help me. 他許諾過要幫助我。
9. have to do with 關(guān)于;與……有關(guān)系
The book has to do with computers. 那本書與計算機有關(guān)。
10. take up sth./doing sth.(尤指為消遣)學(xué)著做;開始做
I am going to take up cooking next year. 明年我將要學(xué)煮飯。
11. Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep.
too+形容詞/副詞 to+動詞原形,表示“太…...而不能...…”如:
The kid is too young to play this game. 這個小孩太小,不能玩這個游戲。
【重點語法】
一般將來時“am/is/are going to +動詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)
1. 基本形式
否定式:am/is/are not going to +動詞原形
一般疑問式:am/is/are +主語+ going to + 動詞原形+其他?
特殊疑問式:特殊疑問詞+一般疑問式?
He is going to spend his holidays in London. 他打算在倫敦度假。
Look at the dark clouds. There is going to be a storm. 看那烏云,快要下雨了。
Is he going to collect any data for us? 他會幫我們收集數(shù)據(jù)嗎?
What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天你打算作什么?
2. 基本用法
(1)表示事先經(jīng)過考慮、安排好打算、計劃要做某事。
Dad and I are going to watch an opera this afternoon.
今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌劇。
(2)表示根據(jù)目前某種跡象判斷,某事非常有可能發(fā)生,表示推測。
Look! There come the dark clouds. It is going to rain.
瞧!烏云密集。天要下雨了。
Unit7 Will people have robots?
【重點詞語/短語用法解析】
6. the same as… 和……一樣...... 反義短語:be different from
【重點詞語/短語用法解析】
如:I will call you when I reach Canada. 我一到加拿大就給你打電話。