目的性——每次發(fā)問(wèn)必有所作為，或引起注意，或強(qiáng)調(diào)重點(diǎn)，或激發(fā)、引導(dǎo)學(xué)生思考，均須符合教學(xué)目標(biāo)的需要；
準(zhǔn)確性——衡情酌理，把握事物本質(zhì)和因果關(guān)系，探究對(duì)象具體，設(shè)問(wèn)不能大而空；
條理性——思路明確，由已知到未知，由近及遠(yuǎn)、由表及里、由此及彼地有序進(jìn)行，不要信口開河，不合邏輯、不連貫地孤立提問(wèn)；
啟發(fā)性——引導(dǎo)學(xué)生思維，激發(fā)學(xué)生的心智活動(dòng)，由淺入深、由易到難，由認(rèn)知記憶到分析推理，得出結(jié)論；
多樣性——根據(jù)教學(xué)目的和教學(xué)內(nèi)容需要，創(chuàng)造性地運(yùn)用多種功能類別的提問(wèn)（特別加強(qiáng)推理性提問(wèn)和創(chuàng)造性提問(wèn)的編擬），創(chuàng)造性地運(yùn)用各種句式的提問(wèn)，不僅有疑問(wèn)句式，還包括引出語(yǔ)言反應(yīng)的敘述句；
普遍性——提問(wèn)對(duì)象是全班各種程度、各種位置的學(xué)生，不能僅僅是優(yōu)秀學(xué)生成績(jī)差的學(xué)生。難易、復(fù)雜程度的比例要適當(dāng)；
選擇性——根據(jù)問(wèn)題的難易、復(fù)雜程度選擇不同的學(xué)生回答問(wèn)題。先向全班學(xué)生提問(wèn)，再選擇學(xué)生回答。
Opening questions 引導(dǎo)性問(wèn)題
這種提問(wèn)技巧被稱為鉤子技巧，在英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中非常有用。教師可以使用一些具有啟發(fā)性的問(wèn)題來(lái)激發(fā)學(xué)生的興趣和注意力。引導(dǎo)性問(wèn)題的特點(diǎn)是要短小而有效，而且必須能夠讓學(xué)生在短時(shí)間內(nèi)想到答案。在調(diào)用前知識(shí)的學(xué)生時(shí)，可以使用"what do you know about"的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生回想已經(jīng)學(xué)過(guò)的知識(shí)內(nèi)容。
- What do you know about the American culture?
- What do you remember about the past tense?
Closed questions 封閉性問(wèn)題
封閉性問(wèn)題可以被回答為是或否，或從提供的選項(xiàng)中選擇答案。在提問(wèn)時(shí)，教師需要使用這種提問(wèn)方式，以確保學(xué)生已經(jīng)掌握所學(xué)內(nèi)容。
- Is the sun bigger than the moon?
- Do you prefer tea or coffee?
Open-ended questions開放性問(wèn)題
開放性問(wèn)題有助于培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的思考能力，增加他們的自信心和創(chuàng)造力。這種提問(wèn)方式不僅能夠幫助學(xué)生展開思考，還能幫助他們表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)和看法。
- What do you think about the current political situation?
- What do you believe would be the best solution to the problem?
Hypothetical questions 假設(shè)性問(wèn)題
這種提問(wèn)方式可以激起學(xué)生的想象力，向?qū)W生提出一個(gè)虛構(gòu)的問(wèn)題，鼓勵(lì)他們考慮假設(shè)情況下的可能性。
- What would you do if you won the lottery?
- What would happen if there were no rules in the world?
Rhetorical questions 反問(wèn)句
反問(wèn)句又稱反向提問(wèn)，通常使用反問(wèn)的方式鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生思考，對(duì)某個(gè)問(wèn)題提出疑問(wèn)，使他們?cè)诓恢挥X(jué)中達(dá)到某個(gè)結(jié)論。
- Isn’t it true that the internet has changed our life enormously?
- Don’t you think that reading is essential to language learning?
二、教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生提問(wèn)
Any volunteers?
有自告奮勇的同學(xué)嗎?
Can you try?
你能試一試嗎?
Who wants to have a try?
誰(shuí)想試一試?
Anyone wants to have a go at this?
有誰(shuí)想試一下嗎?
Do you have any questions?
你還有問(wèn)題嗎?
Does anyone have a question to ask?
誰(shuí)有問(wèn)題要問(wèn)嗎?
ls there anything you wish to clarify with me?
你有什么問(wèn)題想要和我說(shuō)明嗎?
ls there anything you wish me to explain further?
你有什么問(wèn)題希望我進(jìn)一步講解嗎?
Can I explain anything?
要我講解一下嗎?
Whose turn is it to answer the question?
輪到誰(shuí)回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題了?
Who deserves a turn to ask a question this time?
這次該誰(shuí)提問(wèn)了?
Who is left to answer a question?
還有誰(shuí)沒(méi)回答過(guò)問(wèn)題?
Put the sentence into English, would you?
把這句話翻成英文，好嗎?
What's this sentence in Chinese?
這個(gè)句子用中文如何說(shuō)?
How else could you say it?
還可能怎么說(shuō)?
How do you express the idea in English?
用英語(yǔ)如何表達(dá)這個(gè)意思?
What does it mean?
它是什么意思?
What exactly do you mean?
你要表達(dá)的確切意思是什么?
What does this refer to?
這指的是什么?
What do you mean by saying "this is a funny story" ?
你說(shuō)的“真是個(gè)有趣的故事”，是什么意思?
What does the author mean by this?
作者這么說(shuō)是什么意思?
What is the literal meaning of this sentence?
這個(gè)句子的字面意思是什么?
Why do you think so?
你為什么這么想?
What is your answer?
你的答案是什么?
What's wrong with this?
這個(gè)怎么錯(cuò)了?
Can anyone correct this spelling?
誰(shuí)能改正這個(gè)拼寫?
Can you point out any mistakes?
你能指出一些錯(cuò)誤嗎?
What might the man want in this story?
故事中的男人可能想要什么?
How do you like the story?
你對(duì)這個(gè)故事怎么看?
What do you think of this point of view?
你如何看待這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)?
以上這些是不是為你提問(wèn)學(xué)生提供了靈感呢？在下次課堂上來(lái)試試引導(dǎo)學(xué)生提問(wèn)和提問(wèn)學(xué)生吧~
